2025 新版 FRQ 答题框架(中英双语对照版)

 

一、AAQ 文章分析题(Article Analysis Question)- 7 分

 

1. 题型结构(固定 6 小问)

 
  1. 研究类型(实验 / 相关 / 描述)| Research type (experimental/correlational/descriptive)
  2. 变量(自变量、因变量、混淆变量、操纵变量等)| Variables (IV, DV, confounding variables, manipulated variables, etc.)
  3. 统计结果解读(均值、标准差、相关系数 r、p 值、显著性)| Statistical result interpretation (mean, standard deviation, r, p-value, statistical significance)
  4. 伦理问题(伦理审查委员会、知情同意、保密、事后解说、避免伤害)| Ethical issues (IRB, informed consent, confidentiality, debriefing, no harm)
  5. 效度与可推广性(样本、生态效度、混淆变量)| Validity and generalizability (sample, ecological validity, confounding variables)
  6. 研究如何支持 / 反驳某心理学理论 / 概念 | How the study supports/refutes a psychological theory/concept
 

2. AAQ 万能答题模板(逐句套用)| AAQ Universal Answering Template (Sentence-by-Sentence Application)

 

(1)研究类型 | Research Type

 
This study uses a [experimental /correlational/descriptive] design because [brief reason: e.g., researchers manipulated an IV, measured naturally occurring relationships, etc.].
 
本研究采用【实验 / 相关 / 描述性】研究设计,原因是【简要说明:如研究者操纵了自变量、测量自然存在的变量关系等】。
 

(2)变量 | Variables

 
  • 自变量(IV):
     
    The independent variable is [what was manipulated].
     
    自变量为【研究者操纵的变量内容】。
  • 因变量(DV):
     
    The dependent variable is [what was measured].
     
    因变量为【研究者测量的变量内容】。
  • 混淆变量:
     
    A potential confounding variable is [something else that could affect DV], which might threaten internal validity.
     
    一个潜在的混淆变量是【可能影响因变量的其他因素】,这一因素可能会损害研究的内部效度。
 

(3)统计解读(必考)| Statistical Interpretation (Compulsory)

 
  • 差异显著:
     
    The results are statistically significant (p < 0.05), meaning it is unlikely the difference occurred by chance.
     
    研究结果具有统计学显著性(p < 0.05),这意味着该差异由随机因素导致的可能性极低。
  • 相关性:
     
    There is a [strong /weak] [positive /negative] correlation (r = ), indicating that as one variable increases, the other [increases /decreases].
     
    研究存在【强 / 弱】【正 / 负】相关(相关系数 r=),表明当其中一个变量上升时,另一个变量会【上升 / 下降】。
  • 均值 / 标准差:
     
    Group A had a higher/lower mean than Group B, with more/less variability shown by the standard deviation.
     
    A 组的均值高于 / 低于 B 组,标准差表明 A 组的变量离散程度更大 / 更小。
 

(4)伦理 | Ethics

 
This study follows /violates ethical guidelines because [IRB approval, informed consent, debriefing, confidentiality, no harm].
 
本研究遵循 / 违反了心理学伦理准则,原因是【获得伦理审查委员会批准 / 取得知情同意 / 开展事后解说 / 做到保密 / 避免被试受到伤害】。
 
常用必写词 | Common Mandatory Vocabulary
 
informed consent(知情同意), debriefing(事后解说), confidentiality(保密), IRB(伦理审查委员会), minimal risk(最小风险), right to withdraw(退出研究的权利)
 

(5)可推广性 | Generalizability

 
The findings can /cannot be generalized to [larger population] because the sample is [representative /biased], and the setting has [high/low ecological validity].
 
该研究结果能 / 不能推广至【更广泛的群体】,原因是研究样本具有代表性 / 存在偏差,且研究场景的生态效度高 / 低。
 

(6)理论联系 | Theoretical Connection

 
This study supports the theory of [concept] by demonstrating that [result], which aligns with the idea that [definition of concept].
 
本研究通过证明【研究结果】,支持了【某心理学概念】的理论,这与该概念的核心定义 ——【概念定义】相一致。
 

二、EBQ 循证题(Evidence-Based Question)- 7 分(CER 结构)

 

1. 固定结构:主张 + 证据 + 推理 | Fixed Structure: Claim + Evidence + Reasoning

 
  1. Claim(1 分):清晰立场句 | Clear thesis statement
  2. Evidence(2 分):从 3 篇研究中选 2 篇,各提取 1 条数据 / 结论 | Extract 1 piece of data/conclusion from 2 out of the 3 studies
  3. Reasoning(4 分):解释证据为何支持主张 + 结合 AP 心理概念 | Explain why the evidence supports the claim + Combine with AP Psychology concepts
 

2. EBQ 满分模板(直接背诵)| EBQ Full-Score Template (Memorize Directly)

 

(1)主张(一句话)| Claim (One Sentence)

 
[Claim] because [brief logic].
 
【主张内容】,原因是【简要逻辑说明】。
 
例句 | Example
 
Multiple factors influence memory retention, including practice and context.
 
记忆保持受多种因素影响,包括练习和记忆情境。
 

(2)证据(两篇研究各一句)| Evidence (One Sentence for Each of the Two Studies)

 
In Study 1, [specific finding/data].
 
在研究 1 中,【具体研究发现 / 数据】。
 
In Study 3, [specific finding/data].
 
在研究 3 中,【具体研究发现 / 数据】。
 
要求 | Requirements
 
  • 必须引用研究编号 | Must cite the study number
  • 必须具体,不能笼统 | Must be specific, not vague
  • 必须是结果 / 数据,不是描述 | Must be results/data, not descriptions
 

(3)推理(最重要,4 分)| Reasoning (Most Important, 4 Points)

 
These findings support the claim because [connect evidence to claim].
 
这些研究发现支持上述主张,原因是【将证据与主张建立关联】。
 
This aligns with the psychological principle of [AP term], which states that [definition].
 
这与【AP 心理学术语】的心理学原理相一致,该原理指出【术语定义】。
 
Therefore, [explain why the evidence logically leads to the claim].
 
因此,【解释证据为何能从逻辑上推导出该主张】。
 
常用高分连接词 | Common High-Score Connectives
 
supports(支持), demonstrates(证明), indicates(表明), consistent with(与…… 一致), suggests(说明), due to(由于)
 

三、新版 FRQ 必背踩分点(高频)| Must-Memorize Scoring Points for the New FRQ (High-Frequency)

 

AAQ 高频考点 | AAQ High-Frequency Test Points

 
  • Research methods: experiment, correlation, case study, survey, naturalistic observation
     
    研究方法:实验法、相关法、个案研究、调查法、自然观察法
  • Variables: IV, DV, confounding, random assignment, sample vs population
     
    变量:自变量、因变量、混淆变量、随机分配、样本与总体
  • Statistics: mean, median, standard deviation, p-value, statistical significance, correlation coefficient
     
    统计学:均值、中位数、标准差、p 值、统计学显著性、相关系数
  • Ethics: informed consent, debriefing, IRB, confidentiality, no harm
     
    伦理学:知情同意、事后解说、伦理审查委员会、保密、避免伤害
  • Validity: internal, external, ecological validity
     
    效度:内部效度、外部效度、生态效度
  • Generalizability: sample bias, representative sample
     
    可推广性:样本偏差、代表性样本
 

EBQ 高频考点 | EBQ High-Frequency Test Points

 
  • CER 结构完整 | Complete CER structure
  • 证据必须具体、可验证 | Evidence must be specific and verifiable
  • 必须明确引用研究编号 | Must clearly cite the study number
  • 必须结合心理学概念(不能只复述文章)| Must combine with psychological concepts (do not only retell the passage)
  • 逻辑链完整:证据→概念→主张 | Complete logical chain: Evidence → Concept → Claim
 

四、新旧 FRQ 最核心区别(一句话记住)| Core Difference Between the Old and New FRQ (Memorize in One Sentence)

 
  • 旧 FRQ:给情境 → 让你套心理学概念 | Old FRQ: Given a scenario → Ask you to apply psychological concepts
  • 新 FRQ:给真实研究 → 让你分析方法、读统计、用证据论证 | New FRQ: Given real research → Ask you to analyze methods, interpret statistics, and argue with evidence
Last modified: Wednesday, 1 April 2026, 12:28 PM